Essay about Organizational Structure- Mgt/230 - 1127 Words

Organizational Structure Martha Miranda MGT/230 6/20/12 Kelley Parker Abstract The central thesis of this paper examines the organizational structures of McDonalds, Burger King, and Wendy’s food restaurants. It will examine the comparison and contrast of the organizational structure of McDonalds with Burger King, and Wendy’s Corporations. What functions influence McDonalds, and explains how the organizational design helps determine the structure that best suits McDonalds needs, as a business. Organizational Structure Burgers are one of the most favored junk foods people like to eat from around the world. What a great idea to create a restaurant that gives the best tasting flavors, one of a kind style,†¦show more content†¦Aside from their products and services, these corporations have â€Å"Giving back to the communities,† page. These companies give back to their communities by giving scholarships, promote adoption, and create foundations to those in need. For instance, The Ronald McDonald House Charities, Have-It-Your-Way Foundations, and Wendy’s wonderful kids- Dave Thomas Foundation of Adoption. All three of these companies are nationwide as well. McDonalds and Wendy’s dominate more than Burger King does, but all have restaurants worldwide. In contrast with McDonalds their success is from globalization. Since the early 1940’s McDonalds has been a burger business, and accomplished to be the first one’s to become global. McDonalds has invested into several community organizations that helped the business to earn trust from the communities and gave more of a positive outlook towards their restaurants. They support their own employees, their families, and other groups of society in every country where it has business. McDonalds has website links to promote healthy living for kids, teens, and Latin and African Americans. McDonalds Happy Meals, McDonalds for teens, Me Encanta, and 365Black. They have corporate governance, which shows in detail of their operational structure. There is a whole webpage that is dedicated to explain about what is their drive to stay successful, what the board ofShow MoreRelatedMgt/230 Organizational Structure Paper1298 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational Structure Paper Jody Denton MGT/230 November 6, 2011 Dr. Matasha Murrell Jones Organizational Structure Paper The temperature outside is 30 degrees and the predicted weather for the next week will continue to drop below freezing. When Jane wakes up in the morning without any heat, she weighs her options and sets out to call the gas company to get her service reconnected. 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Islam s Impact On The United States - 1297 Words

Within the past twelve years, Islam has grown to be the second largest religion practiced around the world. Growing up, there weren’t many Muslim people that practiced Islam as there are now. Ten years ago, I would only see about one or two Muslims as I walked down the street, but now I see many more. In Philadelphia, there are more than 200,000 people who are Muslim, and 85% of those people are African-American. In this city when people see African-American Muslims who are garbed up they don’t discriminate against them. To be a Muslim in this society it causes controversy because people are constantly pointing out all of the flaws within them. Since 9/11, people seem to always associate Muslims with terrorists. More importantly, when people hear Muslim terrorists they never assume that they are from any other areas except from the Middle Eastern. Being young and not knowing the real reasoning behind the attacks of 9/11, I had always looked at Muslims as terrorists. 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Analysis of an Education Policy Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: Q 1. What is the problem represented to be in the policy? Q.2 What presupposition lies behind this representation of problem? Q.3 How has this problem representation come out? Q.4 What is left unproblematic in this problem representation? Where are the silences? Can the problem be thought about differently? Q5. What is the effect of this representation of the problem? Q.6 Where has this representation of the problem been produced, disseminated and defended? How it could be questioned or replaced? Answers: Introduction: Education in India is provided by both public sector and private sector. Though the funding comes from central, state and local level, still India still lags behind in expense of education. Another drawback is that despite enrollment of student in different educational courses, no major improvement in skills and talent required for productivity is seen. This reflects that quality of education is not up to international standard. All this also indicates that the educational policies implemented so far has not been successful. Series of issues needs to be addressed by means of appropriate policies so that Indian education system is strengthened. Recent policy are responding to the issue of inequity in education and looking to promote education among all people (Indian Education System Issues And Challenges Byjus, 2017).Identifying strength and impact of previous policies will helps to determine improvement in new policies. On that basis, it can be said that the Rasthriya Madhyamik Sh iksha Abhiyan was an important policy that looked to improve the quality of education in India. The purpose of this report is to analyze this policy initiative by use of appropriate framework and evaluate its impact on educational leadership. This would help to understand how the policy constructs identities for leaders. Identification of the policy: The first policy formulated for promoting the education among Indian citizen was the National Policy on Education. The policy was first implemented in 1986 and modified again in the year 1992. The main vision of the policy was to improve the education scenario of India. It was planned to review the progress of the policy and work out new policies and programmes. It was also planned to widen access to the secondary schools and make it universalized. With this initiative, the Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) was formulated in 2009 for the development of secondary education. The main objective of this policy was to enhance access and improve the quality of secondary education. The scheme was implementer from 2009-2010. The initial target was to achieve enrollment rate in secondary schools by 75% by providing reasonable access to secondary education to all people. Other secondary goal of the RMSA policy was to eliminate gender and socioeconomic barrier in the attainment of seco ndary education and comply to prescribed norm of secondary school. The time set for the achievement of the universal access goals was 2017 and it was intended to achieve full universal retention by 2020 (Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) | Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, 2017). Through this policy initiative, several secondary schools in India gained access to important physical facilities such as additional class rooms, libraries, drinking water provisions, residential facilities for teachers in remote areas and additional toilet blocks. This basic facilities promote better engagement of teachers and increase in enrolment rate. The scheme provided support to people with disability by establishing inclusive education for disabled at secondary stage from 2013-2014. On the other hand, some of the important quality provisions provided by the scheme were special focus on science, maths and English education, curriculum reforms, teaching reforms and ICT (information and communication technology) enabled education (Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (Integrated) | Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, 2017).The ICT enable education was a means to combine technology and education to support and optimize learning process in schools. There is also evidence worldwide that ICT has the potential to make students better learners and enhance the teaching process. Integrating technology with school curriculum has been associated with positive impact on students achievement level (Fu, 2013). Description of the analytical framework: The WPR approach framework will be analyzed for detailed critical analysis of the MRSA policy. It is called the Whats the problem represented to be? approach which facilitates critical interrogation of public policies. It is based on the premise that proposal to do something reflects peoples perception on problematic areas which needs to changes (Bacchi, 2009).. Therefore, the main goal of WPR analysis is to analyze how problem is represented in policies and then evaluated the problem and its solutions explicitly. WPR analysis focuses on the identifying the unexamined assumption presents within problem representation. On that basis, different premise of knowledge hidden in public policies can be identified such as psychological premise, biomedical premise or developmental premise. During the formulation of the WPR approach, only four questions were used to analyze the policy, however with the most recent modification, 2 more questions were added (Question 3 and 6). These two questions were included to determine the impact of power involved in shaping policies. The following is the list of 6 questions of the WPR framework and the purpose of each: Question 1- Whats the problem represented to be in specific policies? With this question, the aim is to aware about problem presented in the policy Question 2- What assumptions underpin the representation of problem in policies? This helps in identifying the underlying premise in the perception of problems. Question 3- How the problem representation has come out? The answer to this question can be given by analyzing the problems and process through which this problem has been identified. Question 4- What are the gaps in problem representation? The purpose of this question is to carefully scrutinize limitations of policies in policy representation. Question 5- What is the impact of this form of problem representation? This is the most important point for assessment of policies where relevant solutions to the problem is evaluated by means of policy initiative. Question 6- How has the problem been produced, disseminated and defended. How it has been replaced? This helps to determine the progress of the policy and any modifications with time. WPR framework has been chosen for the evaluating the MRSA policy because it utilized a broader approach to analyze compared to other framework. Furthermore, this analytical approach has found application in wide range of fields such as public policy, law, health science and others. WPR offers an innovative way to analyze policy. The conventional view was that public policies respond to problems that are not yet identified in policy process and that are not yet solved. However, the WPR approach challenges this approach by arguing that policies represents problem that they appear to address (Bacchi Goodwin, 2016). With this view, the goal of this approach is to critically scrutinize problem representations in policies. Therefore, through the application of the six questions, the RMSA policy will be critically analyzed. Application of the framework to the analysis of the policy: The performance of the RMSA policy and its problem representation is analyzed by the application of the six questions of the WPR in policy analysis. The following is the detailed analysis of the policy with respect to the six questions? 1.From the objectives of the RMSA policy, it is understood that India lacks behind in quality education and the enrollment of student in secondary school education. The policy objectives reflect this problem in the Indian education system. High quality of education is needed to develop skills and talent, however India has lagged behind in productivity due to gap in skills. This weakness is attributed from gaps in school level education because modern means of teaching and learning is not utilized in India. Large difference exists in among schools in access to different kinds of educational technology (Klemencic Fried, 2015). Very few schools integrate ICT in the education and learning process. Students going to high minority schools have less access to useful technologies compared to other schoold. This has been the reason why MRSA policy planned to introduce ICT enabled education in schools. Another problem in Indian education represented in the policy is that of poor participation rate of children in secondary school education particularly in rural areas. Enrolment rate was low because of local barriers like larges distance between home and school and poor facilities in school. That is why the Government sought to systematically remove the barrier in accessing secondary school education by means of providing secondary school within a reasonable distance of habitation and planned of improving physical facility provision through the MRSA policy (Klemencic Fried, 2015). The policy also represents poor professional development in school teachers in rural area. 65% of the population resides in rural areas and poor skills development in teachers act as a barrier in achieving the universal education goals. Currently, young learners of India are not future ready because of problems and issues experienced by teachers. They are provided unsatisfactory training and often engaged in non-teaching duties. This has been the reason for demotivation in the job too. Digital aid is also needed to improve the scenario of secondary school education (Featurephilia, 2017). 2.From the analysis of the MRSA policy, it can be said that the main assumption behind the representation of the problem is the lack of universal and high quality education system in India. Although innovation is seen in urban education, however rural learners and disabled persons remains neglected (Pritchett, 2013).Hence, this group needs much more attention to promote education in India. MRSA policy looked to address gender, socio-economic and disability barriers in educations. This reflects that the policy has the presupposition that educational performance is poor due to this barriers present within the system. One news article gives insight into the gender disparity to literacy in India by stating that gender barrier has blocked the gateway for development. The difference is understood from the 2011 census data according to which male literacy rate was 80.89 % and the female literacy rate was 64.64%. This might also be contributing to slow pace of educational development in the country (Gender disparity a barrier to literacy in India : Private Jobs, 2017). On the other hand, socioeconomic barrier and inequity in learning process in rural and urban areas is the reason behind the supposition that India is performing poorly in terms of quality of education. 3.This problem representation has come out by means of many government level actions to improve the educational performance of India. The MRSA policy mostly focused on secondary education because this is the foundation on which higher educational goals can be laid. If the quality of secondary education is exceptional, it will support an individual in preparing for higher educational goals too. This would enhance their skill globally and facilitate better recruitment opportunities in job market (O'Flaherty Phillips, 2015). Apart from the MRSA policy, the need for improvement in the secondary education was also proposed by many National Education Commission. With increased focus on ICT as a tool for enhancing learning worldwide, India also planned to integrate it in curriculum. Banerjee, Mandal, Dey, (2014, April) gave insight into the need of ICT enabled education by affirming that knowledge and technology is essential in the age of innovation and productivity. The adoption of ICT a t all levels has been proposed to enhance productivity and growth of countries. In the context of education, it facilitates infrastructure development as well as learning process. Therefore, government took several initiative to improve educational facilities in India and promote high quality learning. 4.The MRSA policy recognized the disability and socio-economic barriers in universal access to secondary level education, however it failed to give detail on specific facilities for available to support children with disability in education. Although the MRSA policy proposed inclusive education for disables at secondary stage, however no insight was given regarding the resources that would have helped in maximizing learning in this group of children. The physical facilities provisions under the scheme mainly focused on general schools without considering the disabled students. Recognizing the learn skill and skill acquisition of this group is important because they are most vulnerable to live in poor condition. Poverty and disability might be a barrier in enrollment in schools (Cortiella Horowitz, 2014). Hence, in order to achieve the objective of universal access to secondary education, the policy must have paid more attention to learning needs of this group. In addition, no assess ment criteria has been provided for the progress of quality in secondary education which is the silences of the MRSA policy. This problem can be thought differently by looking for sources that can maximize resources for people with disability in order to achieved high quality of education at all level. It would also act a means to alleviate poverty and promote economic growth. 5.The overall impact and progress of RMSA policy cannot be clearly stated now because it visions was to achieve the goals by 2020 and the policy initiative and action is still in progress. However, it is likely to bring positive results for the whole society because youth is the future for economic development of the country. The focus on quality of education has the potential to enhance quality in learning process and build confidence of students. Indian citizens will be prepared to contest and compete globally in all areas (Stromquist Monkman, 2014). With better acquisition in learning and appropriate learning resources, more and more number of people are likely to continue education and engage in higher educations. This will make their career prospects bright and help to yield economic benefits for the country too. Effect will be also be seen in the area of disparities as it looked to enhance all barriers in the achievement of educational goals. 6.The problem in education system is produced in the MRSA policy by formulating objective to enhance access to education and improve its quality. The resolution for the problem as represented in the RMSA policy is disseminated by State/ UT government action. They are implementing several programmers' and strategies for state allocation to provide physical resource to schools. However, the policy is defended by several challenges by funding issue and achieving gender parity. Although the Government of India has released share, however the appropriate utilization is low because of corrupt practices (Kapur Misra, 2015). The problem presented in meeting the objective of the MRSA policy can be questioned by Ministry of Human Resource Development in India because its utilizes the potential of young people and takes interest in secondary school level issues. MHRD is also involved in strengthening lives of young people to lead a better life (Gupta, Raman, Krisanthan, 2016). Leadership professional identities and practices constructed in the policy: The success of educational policy is understood from its emphasis on the role of school leaders. This is important because they are the person who plays a direct role involved in learning process and developing skills of children. The MRSA policy also realized the role of school leaders as it proposed teaching learning reforms, in-service training for teachers and providing hostels to teachers in remote areas. By this strategy, school leaders got adequate opportunities to enhance their professional skills and overcome all barriers to provide children high quality of education. Furthermore, with the proposal of ICT enables teaching, it provided teachers with additional support to optimize teaching and learning process. This would develop interest in learning and more and more children will enroll in classes too. Conclusion: The essay focused on the critical evaluation of the RMSA policy to determine its importance in bringing improvement in education system of India. The use of the WPR analytical framework helped in the identification of the problem that the policy represented and how it proposed to solve the limitations in the education system. The MRSA policy aimed to achieve quality in secondary education and for this it propose many actions. The evaluation of the policy helped in understanding the assumptions of the policy and the manner in which it is disseminated by the government to initiate effective actions related to the policies. As the policy is still going, positive results is likely to be seen by 2020. References 5 problems with teachers in rural areas which are blocking India's educational growth : Featurephilia. (2017).Indiatoday.intoday.in. Retrieved 25 May 2017, from https://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/india-rural-education-problems/1/871041.html Bacchi, C. (2009). Rethinking policy analysis: theory and politics. In C. Bacchi (2009).Analysing policy: what's the problem represented to be? (pp. 23-53). Pearson Education: Frenchs Forest, N.S.W. Bacchi, C., Goodwin, S. (2016). Making Politics Visible: The WPR Approach. InPoststructural Policy Analysis(pp. 13-26). Palgrave Macmillan US. Banerjee, S., Mandal, K. S., Dey, P. (2014, April). A Study on the Permeation and Scope of ICT Intervention at the Indian Rural Primary School Level. InCSEDU (2)(pp. 363-370). Cortiella, C., Horowitz, S. H. (2014). The state of learning disabilities: Facts, trends and emerging issues.New York: National Center for Learning Disabilities. Fu, J. S. (2013). ICT in education: A critical literature review and its implications.International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology,9(1), 112. Gender disparity a barrier to literacy in India : Private Jobs. (2017).Indiatoday.intoday.in. Retrieved 25 May 2017, from https://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/gender-disparity-a-barrier-to-literacy-ion-india/1/381810.html Gupta, V., Raman, C., Krisanthan, B. (2016). Secondary (9-10) and Higher Secondary (11-12) Education: Preparation for the World of Work: Secondary and Higher Secondary Education in India. InIndia: Preparation for the World of Work(pp. 41-63). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Indian Education System Issues And Challenges - Byjus. (2017).Byju's Free IAS Prep. Retrieved 25 May 2017, from https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/indian-education-system-issues-and-challenges Kapur, A., Misra, A. (2015). Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) Budget Briefs 2015-16.Budget Briefs,7(2). Klemencic, M., Fried, J. (2015). Demographic challenges and future of the higher education.International Higher Education, (47). Klemencic, M., Fried, J. (2015). Demographic challenges and future of the higher education.International Higher Education, (47). O'Flaherty, J., Phillips, C. (2015). The use of flipped classrooms in higher education: A scoping review.The Internet and Higher Education,25, 85-95. Pritchett, L. (2013).The rebirth of education: Schooling ain't learning. CGD Books. Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (Integrated) | Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development. (2017).Mhrd.gov.in. Retrieved 25 May 2017, from https://mhrd.gov.in/rmsa_integrated Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) | Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development. (2017).Mhrd.gov.in. Retrieved 25 May 2017, from https://mhrd.gov.in/rmsa Stromquist, N. P., Monkman, K. (Eds.). (2014).Globalization and education: Integration and contestation across cultures. RL Education.

How true is the claim by some Western scholars that Islam is on a collision course with the West and is inherently inimical to the modern age we live in Essay Example

How true is the claim by some Western scholars that Islam is on a collision course with the West and is inherently inimical to the modern age we live in? Essay Samuel Huntington’s book The Clash of Civilizations has evoked a broad range of responses from political commentators both in the United States as well as abroad. Huntington asserts that the fall of Berlin Wall in 1989 had marked a new beginning in the history of international politics. While prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 major ideological, geo-political and economic conflicts were carried out on the European stage, the end of the Cold War has changed the dynamics and motivations of international conflicts. In the prevailing world order, the fight for supremacy in the realms of ideology, material wealth and territorial conquest have become secondary to the assertion of ‘civilizations’. Civilization as a term in historical discourse can be difficult to define, but Huntington narrows down the scope of this term. According to the author, of all the constituent elements that comprise a particular civilization, its identification with religion, ethnicity and culture form the core. A civilization’s affiliation with these elements is more enduring and resistant to change than its propensity for change, say, in the economic and ideological domains. Huntington correctly points out that in the hundred years before the end of Cold War there have been radical transformations from monarchy to communism to democracy, from liberal capitalism to stringent economic protectionism, and vice versa across the globe. Not only have there been numerous instances of such changes but have also oscillated from one extreme to another. Amid all this churning, the only abstract conception with which peoples in different parts of the world could identify with is their ‘civilization’. The thesis put forth by scholars such as Huntington, Fukuyama (1998), Kepel (2002) and Lewis (2002) have a degree of merit. But a closer scrutiny will reveal some blatant flaws. Edward Said, for instance, raises some valid points of rebuttal in his polemical essay titled ‘The Clash of Ignorance’. Foremost among Said’s objections is the absence of a concrete definition for terms such as the West, Oriental, Occidental, Islam, etc. While indigenous peoples of different parts of the world developed their own unique customs, traditions, language and schools of religious thought, there is much overlap between different civilizations. In other words, the common humanity between civilizations is a potent unifying force that is not given due recognition by Huntington and his allies. Instead, Said accuses Huntington of playing up superficial differences between cultural communities, which do not hold up against rigorous longitudinal studies of cultural interactions. Furthermore, as a result of the long history of trade and exchange of goods between civilizations, aspects of culture and religion have also moved across geo-political entities. A study of demographic composition of many European countries will reveal the presence of communities from every religious and cultural background. In countries such as France and Italy, Muslims comprise a substantial minority, despite being located on the wrong side of the fault line. The same is true, albeit to a lesser extent, in Britain and the United States too. Said expresses this fact thus: We will write a custom essay sample on How true is the claim by some Western scholars that Islam is on a collision course with the West and is inherently inimical to the modern age we live in? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How true is the claim by some Western scholars that Islam is on a collision course with the West and is inherently inimical to the modern age we live in? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How true is the claim by some Western scholars that Islam is on a collision course with the West and is inherently inimical to the modern age we live in? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer â€Å"Certainly neither Huntington nor Lewis has much time to spare for the internal dynamics and plurality of every civilization, or for the fact that the major contest in most modern cultures concerns the definition or interpretation of each culture, or for the unattractive possibility that a great deal of demagogy and downright ignorance is involved in presuming to speak for a whole religion or civilization.† (Said, 2001) Said’s assertions are attested by the works of scholars such as Seyyed Nasr, John Esposito, Jonathan Bloom and Sheila Blair. They imply that the proposed paradigm of conflict – termed the Clash of Civilizations – is not all that new. The West versus East battle lines of the past have only been redrawn as West versus Rest in the post Cold War world order. Hence, the answer to ‘whether the Islamic world is at the surge of clashes with the West or otherwise’ is clear. In other words, there is much merit to the claim of Eastern scholars, who suggest that â€Å"Islamic societies-like other world cultures influenced by traditional religions- are reacting to the global transformation taking place. The reaction is a mixture of anger, denials, and social tensions. Like Christianity or Judaism, Hinduism or Buddhism, Islam has been adopted for many causes, from modernism to traditionalism, liberalism to conservatism, which may have nothing to do with its or iginal transcendent message of unity and equality before God.† With this renewed understanding of Islam and its socio-political culture, one can begin to look at the common humanity that connects all civilizations and find ways to strengthen it. This is because the universality in humanity is so much stronger than artificial constructs like West, Islam, the Orient, etc. In this critical period in Islam’s history, political leaders from both East and West can adopt a broad policy framework that has ‘tolerance’ at its core. In this context, James Dobbins’ observation in Foreign Affairs journal makes a lot of sense: â€Å"The beginning of wisdom is to recognize that the ongoing war in Iraq is not one that the United States can win. As a result of its initial miscalculations, misdirected planning, and inadequate preparation, Washington has lost the Iraqi people’s confidence and consent, and it is unlikely to win them back. Every day that Americans shell Iraqi cities they lose further ground on the central front of Iraqi opinion† (Dobbins, Jan 2005). While some western scholars have played up differences between civilizations, they seem to underplay major areas of agreement between them. As Wendell Bell correctly points out, human beings are still one single species. And what is universally common to people of all civilizations are things such as love, compassion, a sense of justice, the inclination toward spirituality, etc. And by focusing on what is common to us all would greatly help resolving brewing or persisting conflicts in the political realm. Wendell Bell seems to suggest that the prevalent thesis espoused by western scholars is deficient in its treatment of human universalities. The best manifestation of common human values is seen in the globalization process of today, where indigenous cultures confront, reconcile or assimilate the dominant Western civilization (represented by such corporate symbols as the McDonald and WalMart). The result of this process is the emergence of a truly global culture, which highligh ts the best and universal in human beings while also providing a space for history and tradition to find expression. If peace and harmony are to be lasting features of our world, then solutions are to be found in Wendell Bell’s view of civilizations as opposed to Huntington’s. References: Edward Said, The Clash of Ignorance, retrieved from on 12th May, 2009 Wendell Bell, Humanity’s Common Values: Seeking a Positive Future, Originally published in the September-October 2004 issue of THE FUTURIST. Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations?, Chapter 5, The State, p.203-209. Originally from Foreign Affairs, 72, no.3 (summer 1993): 22-49. Dobbins, James, Iraq: Winning the Unwinnable War, Foreign Affairs, January, 2005. Quoc-Benjamin, Nguyen Tang Le Huy. Women, Democracy and Islam. UN Chronicle, Dec2004-Feb2005, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p38-39. Sirriyeh, Elizabeth. The Rights of Women in Islam. Journal of Beliefs Values: Studies in Religion Education, Oct99, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p261.

Several Research Questions On The Causes Of WWI

Several Research Questions On The Causes Of WWI World War One Account for the feelings of hostility towards the Austria-hungry Empire by Serb nationalists in 1914: Austria was what stood in the way of progress of the Serbian nation. Serbia was a direct threat to the survival of the multinational Austrian Empire and for that reason Austria felt it necessary to thwart Serbia's plans for growth and development. The Serbs desired more land, especially a coastline with an all important sea port, Austria denied them this by, in the peace treaty of 1912, creating a new country between Serbia and the coast, Albania. Austria also had Imperial control over several Slavic states, to which she denied national self-determination. The annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria in 1908, and the subsequent threat of war by the Empire had also been a major factor in creating the hostility between the two sides.Assess the extent to which Germany provoked the war of 1914: The Actions and policies of Germany before 1914 were largely provocative towards the other powers of Europe and thus a major factor in the build-up to war.britain - bretagneWith the Accent of a new Kaiser, Kaiser William II to the throne and the retirement of Chancellor Bismarck Germany embarked on a series of aggressive reforms and developments to her foreign policies. Kaiser Bill himself was threatening to the other leaders. His proud, militarist and power-hungry features, caused him to be viewed in a questionable light and the policies he instigated for Germany caused the same reaction. Central to the foreign policies of Germany was Weltpolitik (world policy), which involved the move from a continental power to a world power through colonial and naval expansion.Chancellor Bismarck had prevented Germany from threatening the other Empires by her foreign policies but it wasn't long before Germany's determination for a...

The Varied Diet of Turtles

The Varied Diet of Turtles Turtle eating habits are varied and what they eat depends on the available food sources, the habitat in which the turtle lives and the turtles behavior. Most adult land turtles eat a diet that consists of plants. They graze on grass or browse on the leaves of bushes and shrubs that are within their reach. A few species of turtles also eat fruits. Occasionally, some turtles also ingest small insects such as caterpillars that get caught up in the plants they eat, so invertebrates make up a part of a turtles diet as well. One group of turtles well-known for their herbivorous feeding habits are Galapagos tortoises. Galapagos tortoises feed on leaves and grasses and their diet is so influential that over the course of their evolution their shells have been modified in different ways to reflect their eating habits. Galapagos tortoise subspecies that eat grasses that lie close to the ground have shells that are dome-shaped with the rim of their shell lying snugly above their neck. Galapagos tortoise subspecies that eat leaves that are above the ground on bushes and shrubs have shells that are saddle-backed in shape, with the rim of the shell arched upwards enabling them to crane their neck high in the air as they grasp their food. Freshwater turtles such as snapping turtles are ambush predators. Too cumbersome to swim after their prey with any great speed, snapping turtles instead tuck themselves into a bunch of aquatic vegetation and snap at anything that comes within their path. Consequently, snapping turtles eat fish and crustaceans. Most freshwater turtles, when young, eat the larvae of aquatic invertebrates. As they grow older, their diet switches to aquatic vegetation. Sea turtles eat a variety of marine invertebrates and vegetation. For example, leatherback sea turtles feed on jellyfish, loggerhead sea turtles eat bottom-dwelling shellfish, green sea turtles eat seagrass and algae.

International Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

International Marketing - Assignment Example The success of companies in the highly competitive global market depends on the ability to connect and communicate across various markets. With this requirement, the company needs to acquire relevant linguistic skills, which will enable them to market the products in foreign markets (Hutson, Sinkovics & Berrill, 2011). In addition to the linguistic capability, the companies need to acquire skills on technological advancements that are applicable across the target foreign markets. In this way, the professionals are able to strategize on the suitable technological application that they use for presenting their ideas and products in foreign markets. Consequently, the company needs to employ factory managers with the ability to assess, understand and design processes and systems that support automated manufacturing. With this technique, a company increases the efficiency and quality of its production lines. Besides, with automated manufacturing, the company produces homogenous products that enable the equality of consumers across borders. On the other hand, entrepreneurship is a skill that each company requires to survive in the global world. This involves the skill to design newer strategies, with the ability to take opportunities that arise in the market. It also allows the business to grow extensively. Communication problems arise whenever a company diversifies its operation from the original founding location. With the expanding business world, the workforce in many companies is intellectually vast, spanning a variety of cultural backgrounds as well as wide geographical locations. This addresses the need for effective communication skills amongst the employees and employers, in order to attain the common objective of a firm (Hutson, Sinkovics & Berrill, 2011). It is important for people to learn the basic cultural diversity that hinders effective communication. This problem occurs in most companies, which do not understand the

Erin Brockovich Movie Project Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Erin Brockovich Project - Movie Review Example Erin is a single mom, who is unemployed with three (3) kids to support. The lawyer of the defendant committed grave ethical misconduct by criticizing Erin for her current status in life. She was accused by lawyer of extorting money from his client who is a rich doctor because she was desperate to find a way to earn money to support her kids. According to the doctor, from the moment Erin saw the doctor’s expensive car, a Jaguar, she saw it as a â€Å"meal ticket† or an opportunity to earn money by ramming her car against his car in order to get compensated. This act of the doctor is conduct unbecoming because she misjudged the Erin based on her status in life because she was penniless and underprivileged, thus not giving her a fair trial. She was prejudged because of her profile, an unemployed mother with 3 kids to support, broke and $17,000 in debt. She was disfavored because of her status in life and not by the facts of the case, making the jury render a decision not i n her favor. Therefore, the lawyer of the doctor committed a violation of his duty as a lawyer by not giving Erin a fair trial which is prejudicial in the administration of justice. 2. ... The water was contaminated by a substance was known as hexavalent chromium or chromium 6, which is in a high level, which can be toxic and harmful to human beings. This toxic substance can cause serious bodily harm and diseases like chronic headaches and nosebleed, respiratory and liver disease, chronic heart failure/disease, reproductive organ failure, bone deterioration, and even the fatal cancer disease. It was evident that cheating was present when the people were made to believe that the water was good for consumption and the water where their kids swam was safe. It was later discovered by Erin and her companions that this problem has been present all along way back 1996. The doctors who treated the patients also committed violation of the Code of Medical Ethics when they committed dishonesty by cheating on their patients by making them believe that they were healthy and well and on their way to recovery, when in truth and in fact, they were not getting well. The doctors were pa id a hefty sum of money by PG&E to tell lies to their patients to convince the patients that they are safe and being taken care of. The employees of PG&E also committed bribery on the people by offering money to drop the charges against PG&E and for them to testify in court that their health problems were not in any way related to PG&E. PG&E corporation also committed violations on their duty to uphold the corporate social responsibility by violation of environmental laws and bringing danger and harm to the community. The corporation, through desperate measure also resorted to the use of threat and harassment on Erin to stop her from investigating the case. This manifests unethical behavior on the part of PG&E by employing force

Innocence and experience Essay Example for Free

Innocence and experience Essay When the theme of innocence and experience is being discussed you can distinguish the correlation between them, ho they both tie into one another. People view childhood as a time of innocence, growth, and freedom from the responsibilities of maturity, whereas adulthood is a time of experience. This coming of age is actually a time where we re-evaluate our identity as adolescences. It is the time in our lives where we continue to find our true selves and explore who we are by experiencing rough circumstances in life-even if it becomes a painful process-while being subjected to an awakening of a bigger picture of life outside our small world. In Araby by James Joyce, we can visualize the transition from fantasy to reality. The narrator thinks of an entire event in the form of an epic quest. He puts Mangan’s sister up on a pedestal and makes himself think he is a knight going after the princess. After hearing the conversation at the bazaar, the narrator reaches an epiphany but not a positive one. Instead of reaffirming his love for Mangan’s sister, he gives up. The boy has his epiphany, but we never find out what happens to his plans or ambitions after the epiphany. Araby focuses on the sudden transition from the illusions of childhood to the insight of maturity. He also leaves out the character’s names to show they haven’t developed a mature identity yet. The boy in Araby experiences the disillusionment in his ideas. At some point in our lives we experience something that begins to diminish what is left of our innocence. But this loss of innocence is what helps us move to a greater wisdom about ourselves and the world around us.

Pro Immigration in the United States Essay -- Pros of Immigration, Immi

One of our nation's biggest problems if you would call it a problem is Immigration. I am writing this to inform my readers or in this case reader why immigration should be legal. I have based my research on three things, economy, Social Security, and freedom of life. I hope this essay will help you see a different perspective of immigration and what it can do for our country. Immigration has been going on in America since the seventeenth century when the English established settlements on Plymouth and Jamestown, which were originally the Native Americans. Notice where I?m going with this? No, ok, read on. Most of the Immigrants were European, until the passage of the Immigration Act was abolished in1965. Approximately one million Immigrants enter the US each year, and about 500,000 come in illegally. (Duignan). Lawmakers have attempted to revise immigration policies and crack down on illegal immigration in order to increase national security ever since 9/11. In 2007, President Bush decided that the best way to stop illegal immigration was to build a wall in-between the US, Mexico boarder. (Mankiller). 1798, a series of four laws passed by a Federalist-controlled Congress in anticipation of war with France during the administration of John Adams. Designed to restrict the pro-French and antiwar activities of the Jeffersonian Republicans, three of the laws d ealt with alien foreigners and one with sedition criticism of government officials and policy. Under the Alien Enemies Act (never repealed but amended) the president was authorized to imprison or deport citizens of enemy nations. The Alien Friends Act never enforced and expired in 1800 permitted deportation of citizens of friendly nations. The Naturalization Act repealed i... ...eing what can they do they have to get help fast but they don?t have money, well they need to get it some where. As a result they come to America, fast and they don?t get a green card, so we blame them for coming in to the country illegally. Just one of the reasons why immigration should be legal. I hope that this essay has taught you that Immigration isn?t awful, but that is good on the economy and some people?s wallets too. As I said in my opening paragraph if you don?t like immigration then remember this never I mean, never go on a trip to Mexico, Europe, Asia and so on because you would be the biggest hypocrites alive. Don?t say no to immigration because if you do they will keep coming, and coming, and coming, just kidding but I beg you remember Immigrants are just like you and me just with a different skin color (maybe) and a diverse language.

Sandwich Blitz, Inc Bio

Sandwich Blitz, Inc. Sandwich Blitz, Inc. is a small growing specialty sandwich shop chain in a large metropolitan area. The business is owned by Dalman Smith, who is the President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Lei Lee who is the Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer (CFO). The company currently operates eight free-standing sandwich and beverage shops located near three universities, one hospital, and four high-traffic office complexes in the metropolitan area. The firm serves mostly upscale breakfast and lunch customers and specializes in organically grown food ingredients and health-conscious beverages.Currently, the firm employs a staff accountant, eight unit managers and forty employees. The corporate headquarters occupies rented space in an office park which houses Dalman, Lei, and the corporate accountant, Jayin Chopra. Each operating sandwich shop is staffed with a manager, a team supervisor, and four customer associates. Revenues from 2011 operations were substan tial with a ROI (Return on Investment) of 30%. Beginnings Sandwich Blitz was the idea of Dalman Smith whose previous experience was in middle management for a wholesale food distribution company headquartered in a large European city.An ardent devotee of healthy food, Dalman received the inspiration for Sandwich Blitz while visiting the Mediterranean area on corporate business. Dalman noted the presence of healthy sandwich shops in that area of Europe and was surprised on his return home that no such models were in operation in his local area. After considering the idea for several weeks, Dalman approached his long-time friend Lei Lee, a CPA working within the insurance industry with his idea. Lei considered the idea a good one but was concerned with the overhead expenses involved in leasing and developing retail commercial space in the expensive urban area.One day, while driving to work, Dalman noticed a small, free-standing prefabricated building located on a piece of land adjacen t to a shopping center. Suddenly, he envisioned the Sandwich Blitz model- small space, great location, negotiated low costs on small parcels of land unsuitable for most commercial purposes and most of all, great healthy food! Dalman couldn’t wait to show Lei this model. Within three weeks, Sandwich Blitz, Inc. was born. The sufficient start-up capital was evenly split between Dalman and Lei. Dalman was able to btain a loan using his house for collateral and his personal credit line for most of his share. A gift from Dalman’s father completed his share of the funding. Lei was able to use her substantial personal savings to finance her share of the capital. The first lease of land was signed and a prefabricated unit was ordered on July 21, 2004. Both Dalman and Lei considered this date to be a good omen for the both of them Sandwich Blitz opened its doors for business on October 15, 2004. Dalman, Lei, and two college students were the first employees.Each signed the firs t currency note received during that first day of operation. It is still proudly displayed in the corporate office. Operations The Sandwich Blitz operational model reflects both Dalman and Lei’s management philosophy that allows each operating unit a great measure of autonomy. This allows each location manager to make the day-to-day decisions dealing with their unit budgets, employee matters, and customer service issues. Each location manager is carefully chosen and given a compensation package which includes incentives based on the performance of that location.Each location manager is presented with quarterly budgets and is accountable for meeting these guidelines. Each work team supervisor is responsible for ensuring good customer service by making sure that all customer associates adhere to the Sandwich Blitz Motto which is proudly displayed over each location’s counter: â€Å"Sandwich Blitz – Where our quality, freshness, and customers always come first. â €  Based on this motto, each customer associate is empowered to resolve any customer-related complaint.This allows the customer associate to refund purchases, replace food, and take other measures to satisfy the Sandwich Blitz customer. The original location also serves as a training center for the company and Dalman is a regular fixture at these training sessions. Food recipes and preparation techniques are of particular concern to Dalman since he feels that a consistent product is critical to the company’s competitiveness. Dalman considers a few ingredients in their products to be important enough to justify making them into private brands that are owned by Sandwich Blitz to protect them from potential competitors.Lately, Dalman has mostly been visiting the operating locations and dealing with problems and issues that each manager requests help with while Lei has concentrated on financial matters like budget preparation, leases, taxes, and overseeing the daily accounting process. Both Dalman and Lei are pleased with Sandwich Blitz’s past performance but feel that they are each unable to devote their time and energy to expand the business significantly. All of their time seems to be expended taking care of these problems and issues within the existing operation.AB140 Unit 3 Case Study: Sandwich Blitz, Inc. Narrator: Sandwich Blitz, Inc. is a small growing specialty sandwich shop chain. The business is owned by Dalman Smith, who serves as President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Lei Smallwood who serves as Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Sandwich Blitz currently operates eight free-standing sandwich and refreshment shops located near three universities, one hospital, and four high-traffic office complexes in the area.The firm caters to an upscale breakfast and lunch crowd and specializes in organically grown food ingredients and health-conscious beverages. Sandwich Blitz employs a staff accountant, eight location manag ers and forty employees. Each operating sandwich shop is staffed with a manager, a team supervisor, and four customer associates. Revenues from 2011 operations were substantial with 2011 Return on Investment of 30%. The corporate headquarters occupies rented space in an office park which houses Dalman, Lei and the corporate accountant, Jayin Chopra. Operational MeetingLei (speaking to Dalman and Jayin): Hi Dalman. Hi Jayin. Thanks for joining me today. We have some exciting things to discuss. The Sandwich Blitz operational model reflects both Dalman and my management philosophy allowing each operating unit a great measure of autonomy. This translates to allowing each location manager to make the day-to-day decisions dealing with their unit budgets, employee matters, and customer service issues. Each location manager is carefully chosen and given a compensation package which includes incentives based on location performance.These are based on location sales projections. Each location manager is presented with quarterly budgets and is accountable for meeting these guidelines. Dalman: Each team supervisor is responsible for ensuring good customer service by making sure that all customer associates adhere to the Sandwich Blitz Motto which is proudly displayed over each location’s counter: â€Å"Sandwich Blitz – Where our quality, freshness, and customers always come first. † Lei: Each customer associate is empowered to resolve any customer-related complaint.This allows the customer associate to refund purchases, replace food, and take other measures to satisfy the Sandwich Blitz customer. The original location also serves as a training unit for the company and Dalman is a regular fixture at these training sessions. Food recipes and preparation techniques are of particular concern to Dalman since he feels that consistency of product is critical to the company’s competitiveness. Dalman considers a few ingredients to be of sufficient impor tance to justify a private branding of these to protect these from potential competitors.Dalman: Lately, I have been visiting the operating locations and dealing with matters that each manager requests help with while Lei has concentrated on financial matters like budget preparation, leases, taxes, and overseeing the daily accounting process. We are both pleased with Sandwich Blitz’s past performance but feel that they are each unable to devote their time and energy to take the business to the next level. All of their time seems to be occupied with handling small problems within the existing operation.

Alienation in the Music Industry

Even though it has been quite a long time since Marx wrote about alienation, we can still apply his ideas to contemporary jobs. As an international student and a semi-professional musician, I will compare Marx’s ideas to Turkish and global music sector and examine whether they still pertain. I have been producing music for 12 years now and since last year I started producing music that really makes me feel satisfied. Last year, my band mates and me started seeking a record deal so that we could start making money.We read articles on ‘How to write a hit song? ’, ‘How to sell a song? ’ and on the general trends in the music sector. We noticed that almost all popular songs follow a similar pattern. 2012 statistics of ‘album sales’ in Turkey clarifies that nearly every song in top 50 is produced with a techno music background. â€Å"This emerging genre of dance music is produced by an unprecedented level of complex technologies involving com puterized, electronic, hybrid machines that replace the traditional musical instruments. We can observe the same statistics in a global scale. We can understand techno music’s structure from digitally synthesized western chords and a digital drum kicks in every beat. In my opinion constant drum kicks in this music is a great metaphor for laborers who have to go to their workplaces and do the same assignments over and over again. Because of its basic, repetitive and computerized structure, it can be produced by anyone with a computer and adequate recording software.Alienation, in Karl Marx’s words â€Å"†¦ replaces labour by machines but throws a part of the workers back to barbaric labour and turns the other part into machines. It produces culture, but also imbecility and cretinism for the worker. † Because of its complex structure and need for creativity, you cannot find any jazz songs in the best-seller list. In a globalized world we need to understand Ma rx’s ability to foresee this capitalist trend. â€Å"The need of a constantly expanding market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the whole surface of the globe.It must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere, establish connections everywhere† . This quote made me think about the country that earns the most money out of this sector, United States of America. If we look at the Turkish music industry, it is obvious that songs that are most listened to are influenced by western musical traditions. Instead of creating music that has traditional Turkish elements or composing creative music, people tend to produce this global and mainstream genre just to make money.Another reason for this sort of production is that approximately 90 percent of the recording software that Turkish producers use, such as example ‘Logic Pro’ and ‘Cubase’ are made in USA. These software don’t let you use microtonal notes and scales that Turkish music has. In order to produce a digital song, your composition should be in Western structure. The quote â€Å"The external character of labour for the worker shows itself in the fact that it is not his own but someone else’s, that does not belong to him†(Ibid. ) pertains perfectly to this phenomenon.Lisiunia Romenienko wrote in his article that this transformation of IT and related technology ‘has had a diametrical effect in music’. For him â€Å"Computer technology has actually unified fragmented communities involved in techno music production, increased the quality of manufactured goods available to produce techno music, and facilitated cooperation across artistic and technological community factions†¦ This has resulted in comprehensive collaboration arrangements and prolific works of music production, thus optimizing aesthetic potential and maximizing opportunities for human creativity. In contrast to his opinions I think that this transformation creates ali enation in music industry thus limiting creativity. This change causes musicians in developing countries to imitate mainstream artists in order to join the global competition. People evaluate success based on how much money one is making. In order to be a part of this competition, you have be successful, therefore musicians now create basic, pre-structured, mediocre music that affects a huge part of the society.By linking the modern capitalist society, specifically the Turkish music industry to Marx’s thoughts on alienation, one can expose crucial elements of contemporary issues. His explanations on externalization of labour and alienation in the act of production can be used to describe how musicians are alienated in our modern society. It is clear to me that this trend of globalization and mass marketing limits creativity and individuality in music, resulting in mediocre, similar and low quality works, which are devoid of color and taste. Bibliography 1. Istatistikler. â₠¬  Muyap. N. p. , n. d. Web. Oct. 2012. . 2. Romanienko, Lisiunia 2001, â€Å"Disputing Marxian Alienation and Hegelian Dialectics Through The Elective Affinities Of Techno Music† in No Walls Leicester, UK: De Montfort University 2001 3. â€Å"Billboard 200. † Billboard. N. p. , n. d. Web. Oct. 2012. . 4. Kivisto, Peter. â€Å"Alienated Labor. † Social Theory: Roots and Branches. New York: Oxford UP, 2011. 6-9. Print. 5. Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. â€Å"Chapter 1. † Manifesto of the Communist Party. Peking: Foreign Languages, 1965. N. pag. Print.

January Holidays Printables

January Holidays Printables January is often the time when cabin fever sets in. After the festive holiday season, the cold, bleak days of winter can seem to stretch infinitely before us. Keep the holiday spirit alive by celebrating a holiday or special day every day in January. Youre likely familiar with many of these holidays and famous firsts However, youre sure to discover some quirky celebrations and not-so-famous firsts in this list that provides something fun for every day of the month. January 1: Start the year off right by celebrating the start of a fresh new year with these  New Years Printables. Will you make any resolutions?   Did you know that the first day of January is  Betsy Rosss Birthday? Spend some time learning about this famous American  woman who may or may not have made the first American flag.   January 2: On January 2, 1788, the state of Georgia ratified the Constitution of the United States. Celebrate by learning more about Georgia. It was also on this date in 1974, that President Nixon signed a national speed limit into law. January 3: Its National Drinking Straw Day! The drinking straw was first patented on January 3, 1888. In 1959, Alaska was admitted as a state. Learn more about the state and celebrate  Alaska Admission .Day. January 4:  Sir Isaac Newton was born on January 4, 1643. One of this scientists biggest contributions to the field was Newtons Laws of Motion. January 5:  January 5 is  National Bird Day. Learn about the birds in your area. Make a simple homemade bird feeder by coating a pine cone with peanut butter and rolling it in bird seed. Hang the cone from a nearby tree branch and see what kind of birds it attracts. January 6:  New Mexico  became a state on this day in history in the year 1912. Its also the date that George  Washington  and his wife Martha were married in 1759. January 7: The  first U.S. Presidential Election  was held on this date in 1789. George Washington was elected the first President of the United States. His opponent, John Adams, became his vice president. January 8: Eli Whitney, inventor of the cotton gin, died on this day in history 1825. Learn more about this famous inventor whose invention revolutionized cotton production in the United States. Its also National Clean-Off-Your-Desk Day, so celebrate by tossing that junk! January 9: There are two quirky holidays today,  National Static Electricity Day and  National Apricot Day. Try an interesting static electricity experiment like bending water with static electricity or making a dancing ghost. January 10: January 10th is  Volunteer Firemans Day and Bittersweet Chocolate Day. Celebrate by learning about one of Americas favorite sweet treats with free printables about chocolate. Then, take some chocolate goodies to your neighborhood volunteer fire department. January 11: On January 11, 1973, baseballs American League adopted the designated hitter rule. Its also National Milk Day, so enjoy a tall glass of milk while you brush up on facts  about baseball. January 12: The first x-rays were taken in the United States on January 12, 1896. It was also on this date in 1777 that the  Santa Clara Mission  was founded. January 13: James Oglethorpe arrived in the New World in January 13, 1733. In 1942, during World War II, German pilot Helmut Schenck  made the first successful use of the ejection seat. January 14: On January 14, you can celebrate Bald Eagle Day or national holidays such as Hot Pastrami Sandwich Day and Dress Up Your Pet Day. January 15: Martin Luther King, Jr. was born on January 15, 1929. His birthday became a federal holiday on November 3, 1983, It is celebrated every year on the third Monday in January.  Ã‚   The date is also  National Hat Day and  National Strawberry Ice Cream Day. January 16:  John C. Fremont   was appointed Governor of California  on this date in 1847. In 1870, Virginia became the first state readmitted to the Union after the Civil War. January 17: Michelle Obama, wife of the United States 44th president, Barack Obama, was born on this date, as was U.S. Founding Father,  Benjamin Franklin. January 18: The New York Metropolitan Opera House held its first jazz concert in 1944. Learn about jazz instruments and other musical instruments today. On this date in 1778,  Captain James Cook discovered the Hawaiian Islands. January 19: Today is  National Popcorn Day  and  Archery Day. Its also the day that Edgar Allan Poe was born in 1809. January 20: Today is  Penguin Awareness Day  and  Basketball Day. January 21:  Civil War leader, Thomas Stonewall Jackson was born on this date in 1824. Its also  Granola Bar Day,  Squirrel Appreciation Day, and National Hugging Day. January 22: On this date in 1997, Lottie Williams of Tulsa, Oklahoma became the first person to be hit by space debris. Commemorate the day by learning about the solar system. January 23: Today is  National Pie Day and  Handwriting Day. Bake your favorite pie and practice your handwriting by writing a letter to a friend or relative. January 24: Gold was discovered in  California  on this date in 1848. Its also  National Peanut Butter Day. January 25: On this date in history, 1924, the first  Winter Olympics  games were  held. January 26: Michigan was admitted to the Union on this date in 1837. Its also Australia Day, the official National Day of the country. January 27:   Today is National Geographic Day and Chocolate Cake Day. Thomas Edison patented the light bulb on this day in 1880. January 28: Today is  National Blueberry Pancake Day and  National Kazoo Day. Enjoy some pancakes and make your own kazoo-style instrument.   January 29: On this date in 1861,  Kansas  became the 34th state of the United States. The ice cream rolling machine was patented in 1924. Its also  Carnation Day and  National Puzzle Day. January 30: January 30th is  National Croissant Day and the birth date of U.S. President,  Franklin D Roosevelt. January 31:  Jackie Robinson was born on this date in  1919. Have fun learning about Americas favorite pastime, baseball. If youre looking for more educational ideas for the month, try some fun January writing prompts.

Forming Plurals with s

Forming Plurals with s Forming Plurals with ’s Forming Plurals with ’s By Maeve Maddox This reader’s lament prompted the recent spate of apostrophe posts: Could you please do a post on possessives versus plurals? Im seeing this mistake more and more, to the point where I saw someone use an apostrophe for a plural on a billboard. Because people are easily confused by the apostrophe, I have treated possession separately: The Singular Possessive Apostrophe The Plural Possessive Apostrophe Now, I’ll focus on the reader’s main concern: the use of the apostrophe to form a plural. Some English speakers associate the apostrophe so strongly with the letter s that they compulsively hurl it at every s that occurs at the end of a word. For example: 20 Craft Idea’s for Kid’s Three Barber’s on Duty My Cat Love’s Me All Product’s Updated Frequently Puppie’s For Sale Open Sunday’s Our Preschooler’s Can Read In deference to another reader, who has asked me to supply corrected versions of cited errors, here are the correct forms: 20 Craft Ideas for Kids Three Barbers on Duty My Cat Loves Me All Products Updated Frequently Puppies For Sale Open Sundays Our Preschoolers Can Read I wish that I could state the rule that one must never ever use an apostrophe to form a plural. All I can say is that one must almost never ever do so. Certainly, an apostrophe is never used to form the plural of an ordinary noun. Someone who sports a bumper sticker that says, â€Å"Our preschooler’s can read† or letters a sign that says â€Å"Puppie’s for sale,† has a feeble understanding of how noun plurals are formed in English: one preschooler, two preschoolers one puppy, two puppies Someone who embroiders â€Å"My cat love’s me† on a cushion has never learned the difference between nouns and verbs. Third person singular verbs in English end with s: He runs, she sings, it barks. Apostrophes are never used with verbs. We can postulate a rule about words that end in s: If a word ends in the letter s, don’t put an apostrophe anywhere near it, unless you wish to indicate possession. So, when is it all right to form a plural with ’s? Usually, the only time to use ’s to form a plural is when pluralizing letters and symbols like and %. Authorities differ. The Plural of Capital Letters The Chicago Manual of Style states the rule that most capitals may be pluralized by adding s without an apostrophe and gives this example: â€Å"Children need to master the three Rs.† The AP Stylebook, on the other hand, recommends using the apostrophe to form the plural of all capital letters and gives the example â€Å"the three R’s.† The AP recommendation makes practical sense because some capital letters do require an apostrophe for clarity. Compare: Your Ss, Is, and Us are illegible. Your S’s, I’s, and U’s are illegible. The Plural of Lowercase Letters Lowercase letters require an apostrophe for clarity. Compare: There are two is in liaison. There are two i’s in liaison. The Plural of Numerals Numerals form their plurals by adding s only: He bowled three 300s. His parents grew up in the 1950s. Both CMOS and AP agree that numerals may form the plural without an apostrophe. OxfordDictionaries online does allow the use of the apostrophe to show the plurals of single numbers: â€Å"Find all the number 7’s.† The Penguin Guide to Punctuation (first published 1997), states that American usage calls for an apostrophe with a date and admonishes British speakers: â€Å"You should not adopt this practice unless you are specifically writing for an American audience.† The use of an apostrophe with a pluralized date may once have been American practice, but now both the Chicago Manual of Style and the AP Stylebook state that dates are pluralized without an apostrophe: â€Å"the 1950s.† The trend globally is against the use of the apostrophe to form the plural of anything. Using an apostrophe to form the plural of a word, letter, symbol, or numeral is justified only if leaving it out would interfere with reading comprehension. I’ve yet to exhaust the topic of apostrophe use, but this will have to do for now. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:5 Uses of Infinitives8 Types of Parenthetical PhrasesTitled versus Entitled

Summery of Globalization, Politics, and Financial Turmoil economic Essay

Summery of Globalization, Politics, and Financial Turmoil economic - Essay Example experience such crises mainly because there is a breakdown in communication between the chief executive of the monetary authority and financial officers in such times, leading to insufficient banking regulations and eventually flight of capital out of the country, which then has a snowballing effect. For the purpose, Satyanath elaborates on three bodies of literature – 1) globalization of capital and the political scenario in which there are possibilities of miscommunication 2) the presence of ill-informed chief executive and 3) the existence of veto players, that is, those whose consent is necessary for any policy change. Prior to the 1980s, all developing countries had relatively stringent regulations on capital inflows and outflows. All foreign exchange transactions were strictly monitored and banks had limits on overseas borrowings. From the 1980s, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) began to put pressures on the developing countries to liberalize the financial sectors, justifying that the access to foreign capital would allow these countries to invest more than the domestic savings allowed them to. Besides, short-term cyclical recessions could be balanced with countercyclical capital inflows from overseas. Also, free mobility of capital would also allow domestic investors to invest abroad thus neutralizing domestic shocks while also allowing them to earn higher risk-adjusted returns. Lastly, the dismantling of the bureaucratic shackles would allow the financial sectors of the developing countries become more professional, the IMF argued. Consequently, many Asian countries liberalized the capita l accounts as they did the trade accounts in the 1980s and 1990s, and the result was higher growth rates in Gross Domestic Product in the immediately succeeding years. However, by 1996, many of these same economies began to show signs of slower growth. Simultaneously, what disturbed the analysts were the growing current account deficits and increase in foreign

Finance and Accounting Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Finance and Accounting - Term Paper Example SwissChoc SA (owned by a family friend) is prepared to give him exclusive rights to sell their products in the USA for a ten year period in return for an upfront payment. â€Å"The distributor is an independent selling agent who has a contract to sell the products of a manufacturer. The distributor cannot represent him- or herself as the producer but may display the producer's trade name in signage and in the sales situation† (US Legal, 2012). Since the information provided is not adequate, we have to make certain reasonable assumptions while working out the statements required in this respect. However, the lack of details in these areas is not materially going to affect the reliability of the statements. The assumptions made in this connection have been stated in the report to enable the user to bring in additional details, if it is felt necessary to have a more detailed report on the project. There is uncertainty in the price front as the details given with regard to prices at which the product could be sold are not specific. Instead George has given a price range with minimum and maximum prices for the products to be marketed. There are difficulties in predicting the correct prices due to interplay of the brands, price levels (cheap and costly with various price levels in between), market segments, tastes and flavors. Therefore, sensitivity analysis has been undertaken to highlight impacts due to variations in price realization with justifications for adopting a particular method for working out the reasonable upfront fee payable to the manufacturer – supplier SwissChoc SA and the return on investment that could be expected from the business venture of George. Cash flow statement for the first year of operations In The Statement – I, â€Å"Cash flow statement for the first year of the operations of Mr. George†, while considering various factors contributing to the cash flow, both in flow and out flow we have made certain assumptio ns after carefully considering various implications related to the business. Sale Price: The sale price is considered at $ 135 per kilogram of the chocolate. This is the mean price as per the price range given by George adopted for the purpose of our calculations. The mean price is worked out as below. Highest price = $ 150 Lowest price = $ 120 Average price adopted for calculation = (Highest price + Lowest price)/2 or (150 + 120) / 2 = 135. The chocolates are consumed mostly by the college and school going students. If the tastes and flavors are acceptable to them pricing is not going to be a prohibiting factor in taking a buying decision by them. Since George is an experienced person with business school background along with his wife, his price estimates should be realistic. Moreover, the Swiss made chocolates are reputed for their taste and quality. Therefore, there will not be any resistance from the parents for their children eating these chocolates. The price comparison for t his product would be very difficult as in the case of other fast moving consumer goods with different brands and varieties. The George’s internet business model by marketing completely through credit cards means that the people targeted are high end and sophisticated customers, where the quality and service are more important rather than the price. Therefore, adopting the average price, if not the highest price would be very reasonable. Capital account of George: The amount shown under capital

Feed Resources Recovery Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Feed Resources Recovery - Case Study Example He moved on to the Laurence Candle where he invented a renewable wax candle, a strategy that increased the organization's profitability. At this time, he realized his weakness in Accounting and he enrolled for a master in business administration. His experience and knowledge seems to be the driving force towards creation of his anaerobic digester. After market research, he identifies the marketability and the economic feasibility of his product in the country. He finds it quite difficult to meet an investor to fund his project and when he is able to speak with a potential investor, Wal-Mart, he is turned down for his project’s long payback period. Finally, when he is able to win a grant, he finds it difficult to implement his design. Resultantly, he is forced to engage a partnership with Ryan, an engineer, who develops the prototype for product share of 20%. From the financial report generated, the project is expected to have a payback period of two years and net earnings of 1 4% by the end of the fourth year. Although the market is dominated by another multi-million company, Ryan feels that accessing local raw material for his digester plan will help him to differentiate from the big organization and hence remain profitable in the long run. Critical Issues Market Problems Shane’s project is subject to numerous forces that are threatening his survival in the market. Although his project is a solution to the problems of the people, the project is suited for profit-constrained market. Consequently, he expects lean profits in the project and hence the project is expected to have a long payback period. Secondly, it is a big challenge to convince his customers that the project is viable unless he is able to build his prototype. This is bound to pose challenges to the business after its launch and the product can only gain customers in the long run. Additionally, has a dominant competitor, Waste Management Company, who has invested over $13billion dollar s in a central plant and supplies gas to consumers over long distances (Blank 12). Financial Problems In Shane’s Plan, the project cannot take off until he is able to garner $250, 000 required to build the prototype (Blank 11). While he was won a few awards, the money cannot suffice the capital demanded by the project. The alternative of confronting friends and relatives has been viable yet a very slow process that would delay the project along its projected path. Investors are not willing to fund the project until the team is able to build a prototype and to define the feasibility of the project. Consequently, Ryan and Shane need to identify alternative sources of finance in order to be able to build their prototype without altering the critical path of the project. Strategic problems The project plan laid down by Shane indicates a number of strategic planning weaknesses that are likely to create problems along the implementation process. There is evidence of a drawback in t he viability of the project as measured by its output power. When Shane conducts a feasibility study, he finds that the project is not eligible for the Grant that Massachusetts Technology Collaborative offers to a company that would produce over 50KW of power (Blank 13). This points out that the projects need to target more raw

The Case Of Shimla Tourism Essay

The Case Of Shimla Tourism Essay Shimla, the former summer capital of colonial India and present capital of Himachal Pradesh, is one of the most picturesque hill stations of North India. Apart from being the administrative headquarters of the state it is a famous and an attractive tourist in large numbers every year. It is also an entry pint to various other tourist resorts and recreational centers in the upper region of Himachal Pradesh, thus a convenient stop-over for tourists. The journey of Shimla from a serene hill station to a bustling city as an over exploited tourist destination has been gradual and not a sudden outburst. Its a place where things have definitely gone wrong when it comes to sustainability. 3.1 Growth as a Tourist destination The growth of Shimla is organic expanding from a village to a town and now a city. http://www.google.co.in/url?source=imglandingct=imgq=http://entirekingdom.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/shimla-city.jpgsa=Xei=ayOtUKzXMdGt0AG93YCABAved=0CAoQ8wc4Twusg=AFQjCNEWb6Gec0PTY-FtYYtu6cxPcD0PTg Tourist activities are concentrated along the core of the British town that is the Mall, Cart Road and Lakar Bazaar. The over developed southern side of Shimla Source: http://entirekingdom.com The man made activities have influenced mainly the southern slope Shimla since the northern slope receives no sunlight. It is difficult to find any open space or undeveloped site on the southern slope. There has been extensive cutting of hill slopes. Himachal Pradesh received a total of 151 lakh tourists in 2011 out of which 20% was contributed by Shimla, the highest for any Himachal destination. The growth rate for tourists in Shimla has been 7% recently. Source: http://www.kpmg.com/IN/en/IssuesAndInsights/ThoughtLeadership/Tourism-in-himachal-pradesh.pdf 3.2 Impact of Tourism on the Natural and Built Environment The southern slope of Shimla has been almost entirely built over, as a result the original pattern of slopes have completely disappeared. At places slope instability has been caused due to poor drainage facility of the area. Analysis of the slope reveal that in order to obtain maximum advantage of the sun, buildings have come down in steps, even in areas where the slope is more thanb the normally permissible limits. (Beyond 36 degree are considered unsuitable). Some of the buildings are in dilapidated conditions because of the lack of maintenance and use of poor construction material than due to slope failure. Another impact of mass tourism is the crash on the local society. It has changed the structure of society itself by favoring certain groups of the population that are able to interact with the tourists and provide services to them. As more and more tourists came in, the development of tourist and infrastructure facilities has disturbed the mountain eco-system. The damages of alterations in some of these areas have started to look like the places that a visitor wanted to escape. Excessive water consumption and ill management of the resource has led to a major water crisis. Loss of identity and culture. The Britishers left a legacy of red sloping roofs behind which gave the town its character. The modern constructions are flat roofs unresponsive to the climate and identity both. Over intensive urbanization. Illegal buildings have cropped up everywhere. The traffic due to tourists and the overcrowding has disturbed the locals daily life and system. Overload of infrastructure (e.g. Car parking, roads, buildings, water supply) Changes in the urban fabric. New architectural styles which are at ties not responsive to site and climate and also the general image of the town. Spectacular views blocked by ugly concrete structures. 3.3 Identification of issues After analyzing the impacts and statistical data, the following issues were identified with respect to construction, planning and architecture of the place. Haphazard development of tourist infrastructure causing architectural pollution and degrading the ecology of the place as well. Earlier buildings were not more than two to three storey high, but now due to less land available we can see buildings as high as six to seven storey high. This exerts massive pressure on the soil and causes visual blockades which are aesthetically displeasing. Due to increasing tourist influx in the town, there is a need for more tourist infrastructure and to accommodate slopes more than 36Â °, which are considered unbuildable, are being cut down causing severe land and soil erosion. Moreover hills are being cut down in the hill station giving way to an ugly concrete jungle. Irregular checks and insufficient guidelines for development of tourist infrastructure and construction activities. The government and tourism bodies have aimed for growth in tourism but have only recently imbibed sustainable growth of tourism in its policies and that too non seriously. 3.4 Conclusions and suggestions Shimla is endowed with immense potent as a place of tourist attraction, besides being a gateway to other parts of Himachal Pradesh. It requires special consideration in conservation of ecological order. There are certain spots, which are environmentally rich and need conservation. Many of the problems, which make tourism unsustainable, relate to the fact that many principles fundamental to sustainable tourism are not acknowledged. They have not been adopted in the conception, planning, design and development of tourism facilities in Shimla. A well managed, slow paced, controlled, integrated tourism development is the option. A set of guidelines and suitable approach scheme needs to be drafted and implemented that calls for sustainable progress of tourism.(Parmar, 2003, p. 50) Sustainable forms of tourism like ecotourism should be promoted to encourage lessening the ecological damage being done. The primary objective of sustainable tourism strategy should be to promote planning, design and construction of all tourist infrastructure and buildings that are environmentally friendly, do not spoil the character of the place, help integrate social and cultural aspects to it. In fact one of the most imperative issues in sustainable growth of tourism resources is the contemplation and expansion of design and building standards in order to reach an optimum use of energy, water and land resources. This will result in efficient management for preserving the natural and built attractions in tourism industry. Regarding the socio-cultural aspect, Shimla has lost its identity especially when it comes to architecture. The buildings should be symbolic of the rich legacy Shimla has or reflect the culture and traditions of the locals. As of now the post-British construction is merely concrete with climatically and site unresponsive features and structure. In Shimla, things would not have reached such a drastic situation had there been an effective land use plan which controlled the tourist developments and demarcated boundaries for such development. Buildings that have low environment impact throughout their life cycle should be promoted. Infact the norms should govern that. Importantly they should respond to the climate and context. Also the buildings meant for tourists should have high satisfaction levels and provide meaningful experience to tourists. The idea of sustainable tourism should be clear so that awareness spreads among the community and tourists both.(Khaksar, p. 37)